Unexplained Loss of Muscle Mass
Unexplained loss of muscle mass, known as cachexia, can be worrying and potentially indicate an underlying health condition. Getting to the root cause is important.
Possible causes include:
- Diseases: Certain illnesses like cancer, kidney disease, congestive heart failure, rheumatoid arthritis, HIV/AIDS, sepsis, and COPD often cause cachexia. The body breaks down muscle for energy, despite adequate calorie intake.
- Age-related loss: As we age, muscle mass and strength naturally decline due to hormonal changes and decreased activity. This condition is called sarcopenia. Weight/resistance training and ensuring adequate protein intake can help minimize normal age-related loss.
- Inadequate nutrition: Consuming too few calories, insufficient protein, deficits in nutrients like vitamin D or testosterone deficiency can lead to reductions in muscle mass. Assessing diet and nutrition status is key.
- Medications: Certain drugs like corticosteroids can trigger muscle wasting. It's essential to review medications with one's doctor. Adjustments may be required.
- Immobility: Prolonged inactivity due to illness/hospitalization can result in deconditioning and loss of muscle mass and strength. Gentle movement can help counteract this when possible.
What to do?
If experiencing significant, unexplained loss of muscle mass, consult a doctor to uncover potential causes. Undergoing testing and starting appropriate treatment in a timely way is important.
To help counter muscle loss:
- Eat sufficient calories and make sure to consume adequate high-quality protein - sources like Greek yogurt, eggs, fish, and chicken are great options.
- Incorporate strength training and physical activity, even gentle movements, regularly.
- Don't smoke and limit alcohol intake.
- Rule out potential medication side effects with one's doctor.
- Consider supplements like creatine or vitamin D if deficient.
The bottom line... Muscle loss can sometimes be out of our control. But focusing on proper nutrition, staying active, quitting smoking, and working with one's doctor to manage underlying conditions can go a long way toward maintaining strength and muscle mass - at any age.